options :

- n_phi -> number_of_philosophers
- t_die -> time_to_die
- t_eat -> time_to_eat
- t_slp -> time_to_sleep
- n_est -> [number_of_times_each_philosopher_must_eat]

thread :

• thread are light-weight-process (LWP) that happens inside a process
• a process can be single-threaded or multi-threaded
• different process have a unique PID with a unique LWP, different thread in the same process have the same PID and a different LWP
• thread vs process : process :
  • process is isolated, it doesn't share memory with any other process
  • process can have states : new, ready, running, waiting, terminated, suspended
  • process is less efficient in communication, it takes more times to create or terminate or switch
  • process speed is not impacted by speed of other process (untill it reach the limit of cpu)
  • process are created with fork() and execve() (to duplicate a process in a child process, or replacing an existing process) thread :
  • thread are not isolated
  • thread can have states : running, ready, blocked
  • thread is more efficient in communication, it takes less times to create or terminate or switch
  • thread can become slow if the process does many concurrent tasks
• ressources :
  • https://www.baeldung.com/linux/process-vs-thread

external function :

• memset : fill memory with a constant byte
• printf : format and print data
• malloc : allocate dynamic memory
• free : free dynamic memory
• write : write to a file descriptor
• usleep : suspend execution for microseconds intervals
• gettimeofday : get time
• pthread_create : create a new thread
• pthread_detach :
• pthread_join
• pthread_mutex_init
• pthread_mutex_destroy
• pthread_mutex_lock
• pthread_mutex_unlock