create project with libft and basic thread program

.gitignore

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+.DS_Store
+Thumbs.db
+*.o
+*.swp
+*.out
+*.exe
+*.stackdump
+*.a
+*.so
+*.dSYM
+.vscode
+*.lnk
+*.zip
+philo

.gitmodules

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+[submodule "libft"]
+	path = libft
+	url = git@bitbucket.org:LuckyLaszlo/libft.git

Makefile

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+NAME = philo
+
+CC = clang
+
+CFLAGS = -Wall -Wextra $(INCLUDES) -g # add -Werror, del -g
+
+VPATH  = $(DIR_SRCS)
+DIR_SRCS =	srcs
+
+INCLUDES = -I$(HEADERS_D) -I$(LIBFT_D)
+
+HEADERS_D = ./headers
+HEADERS =	philo.h
+
+LIBS =	-L $(LIBFT_D) -lft \
+		-lpthread
+
+LIBFT_D = ./libft
+LIBFT = $(LIBFT_D)/libft.a
+
+SRCS =	main.c
+
+DIR_OBJS = builds
+OBJS = $(SRCS:%.c=$(DIR_OBJS)/%.o)
+
+# --------------------
+# ------ RULES -------
+# --------------------
+
+all: subsystem $(NAME)
+
+subsystem:
+	@cd $(LIBFT_D) && $(MAKE)
+
+$(LIBFT): # dispensable. utile seulement pour un appel direct à $(NAME), si $(LIBFT) n'existe pas
+	cd $(LIBFT_D) && $(MAKE)
+
+$(DIR_OBJS)/%.o: %.c | $(DIR_OBJS)
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $< -o $@
+
+$(DIR_OBJS):
+	mkdir $@
+
+$(OBJS): $(HEADERS:%=$(HEADERS_D)/%)
+
+$(NAME): $(OBJS) $(LIBFT)
+	$(CC) $(OBJS) -o $(NAME) $(LIBS)
+
+clean:
+	rm -f $(OBJS)
+
+fclean: clean
+	rm -f $(NAME)
+
+re: fclean all
+
+valgrind: $(NAME)
+	valgrind --leak-check=full --leak-resolution=low --show-reachable=yes ./$(NAME)
+
+run: $(NAME)
+	./$(NAME)
+
+.PHONY : all clean fclean re bonus subsystem run valgrind
+

README.md

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+options :
+```
+- n_phi -> number_of_philosophers
+- t_die -> time_to_die
+- t_eat -> time_to_eat
+- t_slp -> time_to_sleep
+- n_est -> [number_of_times_each_philosopher_must_eat]
+```
+
+thread :
+- thread are light-weight-process (LWP) that happens inside a process
+- a process can be single-threaded or multi-threaded
+- different process have a unique PID with a unique LWP, different thread in the same process have the same PID and a different LWP
+- thread vs process :
+  process :
+  - process is isolated, it doesn't share memory with any other process
+  - process can have states : new, ready, running, waiting, terminated, suspended
+  - process is less efficient in communication, it takes more times to create or terminate or switch
+  - process speed is not impacted by speed of other process (untill it reach the limit of cpu)
+  - process are created with fork() and execve() (to duplicate a process in a child process, or replacing an existing process)
+  thread :
+  - thread are not isolated
+  - thread can have states : running, ready, blocked
+  - thread is more efficient in communication, it takes less times to create or terminate or switch
+  - thread can become slow if the process does many concurrent tasks
+- ressources :
+  - https://www.baeldung.com/linux/process-vs-thread
+
+
+external function :
+
+memset : fill memory with a constant byte
+printf : format and print data
+malloc : allocate dynamic memory
+free : free dynamic memory
+write : write to a file descriptor
+usleep : suspend execution for microseconds intervals
+gettimeofday : get time
+pthread_create : create a new thread
+pthread_detach : 
+pthread_join
+pthread_mutex_init
+pthread_mutex_destroy
+pthread_mutex_lock
+pthread_mutex_unlock
+

headers/philo.h

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+#ifndef PHILO_H
+# define PHILO_H
+
+# include "libft.h"
+# include <stdio.h>
+# include <stdlib.h>
+# include <string.h>
+# include <unistd.h>
+# include <pthread.h>
+
+typedef struct s_philo
+{
+	char	*str;
+}			t_philo;
+
+#endif

srcs/main.c

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+#include "philo.h"
+
+void	*philo_exec(void *arg)
+{
+	t_philo	*philo;
+
+	philo = (t_philo*)arg;
+	while (1)
+		write(1, philo->str, ft_strlen(philo->str));
+}
+
+int	main(void)
+{
+	pthread_t	id;
+	int			ret;
+	t_philo		*philo;
+
+	philo = malloc(sizeof(philo));
+	philo->str = "i'm philosopher\n";
+	ret = pthread_create(&id, NULL, &philo_exec, philo);
+	if (ret == 0)
+	{
+		while (1)
+			write(1, "main function\n", 14);      
+	}
+    return 0;
+}