https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/utilities/V3_chap02.html#tag_18_10_02

/* -------------------------------------------------------
   The grammar symbols
   ------------------------------------------------------- */
%token  WORD
%token  LESS // '<'
%token  GREAT // '>'
%token  DLESS // '<<'
%token  DGREAT // '>>'
%token  PIPE // '|'

/* -------------------------------------------------------
   The Simplified Grammar
   ------------------------------------------------------- */
%start program
%%
pipeline         :              command
                 | pipeline '|' command
                 ;
command          : cmd_prefix cmd_name cmd_suffix
                 | cmd_prefix cmd_name
                 | cmd_name cmd_suffix
                 | cmd_name
                 ;
cmd_name         : WORD                   // Apply rule 7a
                 ;
cmd_prefix       :            io_redirect
                 | cmd_prefix io_redirect
                 ;
cmd_suffix       :            io_redirect
                 | cmd_suffix io_redirect
                 |            WORD
                 | cmd_suffix WORD
                 ;
io_redirect      :           io_file
                 |           io_here
                 ;
io_file          : '<'       filename
                 | LESSAND   filename
                 | '>'       filename
                 | GREATAND  filename
                 | DGREAT    filename
                 | LESSGREAT filename
                 | CLOBBER   filename
                 ;
filename         : WORD                      // Apply rule 2
                 ;
io_here          : DLESS     here_end
                 ;
here_end         : WORD                      // Apply rule 3
                 ;



/* -------------------------------------------------------
   The Grammar
   ------------------------------------------------------- */
%start program
%%
pipeline         : pipe_sequence
                 ;
pipe_sequence    :                   command
                 | pipe_sequence '|' command
                 ;
command          : simple_command
                 ;
simple_command   : cmd_prefix cmd_word cmd_suffix
                 | cmd_prefix cmd_word
                 | cmd_prefix
                 | cmd_name cmd_suffix
                 | cmd_name
                 ;
cmd_name         : WORD                   /* Apply rule 7a */
                 ;
cmd_word         : WORD                   /* Apply rule 7b */
                 ;
cmd_prefix       :            io_redirect
                 | cmd_prefix io_redirect
                 ;
cmd_suffix       :            io_redirect
                 | cmd_suffix io_redirect
                 |            WORD
                 | cmd_suffix WORD
                 ;
io_redirect      :           io_file
                 |           io_here
                 ;
io_file          : '<'       filename
                 | LESSAND   filename
                 | '>'       filename
                 | GREATAND  filename
                 | DGREAT    filename
                 | LESSGREAT filename
                 | CLOBBER   filename
                 ;
filename         : WORD                      /* Apply rule 2 */
                 ;
io_here          : DLESS     here_end
                 ;
here_end         : WORD                      /* Apply rule 3 */
                 ;