modifs en cours dans readme
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hugogogo
257
README.md
257
README.md
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## ENVP vs ENVIRON
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- main.c
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- free.c
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- init.c
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- minishell_structs.h
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- export.c
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- subshell_exec.c
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## TESTS SIGNAUX WITH HERE-DOCS :
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**bash**
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1. dans l'exemple ci-dessous j'ecris ^D a l'emplacement où je le tape, mais en vrai il n'apparait pas dans bash
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et j'ai mis a gauche le compte des lignes de heredocs cumulés depuis le debut du process
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```text
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[zsh]$ bash
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[bash]$ echo << EOF
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1 > ^D bash: warning: here-document at line 1 delimited by end-of-file (wanted `EOF')
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[bash]$ echo << EOF
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2 > ^D bash: warning: here-document at line 2 delimited by end-of-file (wanted `EOF')
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[bash]$ echo << EOF
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3 > ^D bash: warning: here-document at line 3 delimited by end-of-file (wanted `EOF')
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[bash]$ echo << EOF
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4 >
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5 > ^D bash: warning: here-document at line 4 delimited by end-of-file (wanted `EOF')
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[bash]$ echo << EOF
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6 > ^D bash: warning: here-document at line 6 delimited by end-of-file (wanted `EOF')
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[bash]$ echo << EOF
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7 > ^D bash: warning: here-document at line 7 delimited by end-of-file (wanted `EOF')
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[bash]$ echo << EOF
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8 >
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9 >
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10 > ^D bash: warning: here-document at line 8 delimited by end-of-file (wanted `EOF')
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[bash]$ echo << EOF
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11 > ^D bash: warning: here-document at line 11 delimited by end-of-file (wanted `EOF')
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[bash]$ echo << EOF
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12 >
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13 >
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14 >
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15 > ^D bash: warning: here-document at line 12 delimited by end-of-file (wanted `EOF')
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[bash]$ echo << EOF
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16 >
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17 >
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18 >
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19 > ^D bash: warning: here-document at line 16 delimited by end-of-file (wanted `EOF')
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[bash]$ echo << EOF
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20 > ^D bash: warning: here-document at line 20 delimited by end-of-file (wanted `EOF')
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[bash]$ echo << EOF
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21 > EOF
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[bash]$ echo << EOF
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22 > ^D bash: warning: here-document at line 23 delimited by end-of-file (wanted `EOF')
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[bash]$
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```
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- le texte de warning ne decrit pas la ligne du heredoc au niveau de laquelle ^D a ete pressé
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- il decrit la premiere ligne de chaque heredoc (donc peut importe qu'on ai fait un heredoc de 1 ligne ou de 25 lignes, il donne le numero de la premiere), plus le nombre total de lignes de tous les heredocs depuis le debut du process (j'ai l'impression)
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- et quand il rencontre un DELIMITER ca compte pour deux lignes (DELIMITER + '\n' je pense)
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2. Ctrl-C quite le mode heredoc a n'importe quel moment, Ctrl-D quite le mode heredoc avec un message, uniquement si le curseur est vide
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```text
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[bash]$ cat << EOF
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> ^C
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[bash]$ cat << EOF
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> sdfdffs^C
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[bash]$ cat << EOF
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> ^D bash: warning: here-document at line 3 delimited by end-of-file (wanted `EOF')
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[bash]$ cat << EOF
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> blablabla^Dblabla^D^D^Dblabla ^D blabla
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> ^D bash: warning: here-document at line 5 delimited by end-of-file (wanted `EOF')
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[bash]$ cat << EOF
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```
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3. heredoc avec un echo interrompu par un Ctrl-D saute un ligne avant le nouveau prompt, mais pas heredoc avec un cat :
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```text
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[bash]$ echo << EOF
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> ^C
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[bash]$ echo << EOF
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> ^D bash: warning: here-document at line 2 delimited by end-of-file (wanted `EOF')
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[bash]$ cat << EOF
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> ^C
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[bash]$ cat << EOF
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> ^D bash: warning: here-document at line 4 delimited by end-of-file (wanted `EOF')
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[bash]$
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```
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4. avec une redirection dans un fichier, le heredoc ecrit dans le fichier a la reception du DELIMITER ou bien d'un Ctrl-D, mais pas d'un Ctrl-C :
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- avec Ctrl-D :
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```text
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[bash]$ cat << EOF > file.txt
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> hello
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> test
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> ^D bash: warning: here-document at line 1 delimited by end-of-file (wanted `EOF')
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[bash]$ cat file.txt
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hello
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test
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```
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- avec Ctrl-C
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```text
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[bash]$ cat << EOF > file.txt
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> bonjour
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> heredoc a l'appareil
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> ^C
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[bash]$ cat file.txt
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hello
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test
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```
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5. chaque nouvelle ligne doit afficher :
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- non pas les characters "> "
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- mais le contenu de la variable PS2 (qui par defaut est la chaine de characater "> ")
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- (au passage, les characaters "$ " affichés a la fin de chaque prompt devraient etre ceux de la variable PS1)
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- [infos ici](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/utilities/V3_chap02.html#tag_18_05_03)
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6. un heredoc interrompu par un Ctrl-D n'arrete pas la pipeline, mais un Ctrl-C si :
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```text
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[bash]$ echo << EOF | wc
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> ^D bash: warning: here-document at line 1 delimited by end-of-file (wanted `EOF')
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1 0 1
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[bash]$ echo << EOF | wc
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> ^C
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[bash]$
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```
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7. [force readline return without pressing ctrl-c](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/53165704/readline-c-force-return-of-certain-text-in-readline)
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## schema d'execution :
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```text
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________________________________________________
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|LOOP: shell_loop() |
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| ______________________________________________ |
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||mode interactif ||
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|| *signal(SIGINT, handler)* ||
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|| readline return line_input ||
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||______________________________________________||
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| ______________________________________________ |
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||mode execution ||
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|| *signal(SIGINT, ignore)* ||
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|| ____________________________________________ ||
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||| lexing |||
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|||____________________________________________|||
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|| ____________________________________________ ||
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||| parsing |||
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|||____________________________________________|||
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|| ____________________________________________ ||
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||| execution |||
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|||____________________________________________|||
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||______________________________________________||
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|________________________________________________|
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```
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## understanding some things :
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- [how to send EOF to stdin of a shell process](https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/493578/how-to-send-d-eot-character-to-stdin-of-a-shell-process)
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- [get root access 1](https://vitux.com/how-to-become-root-user-in-ubuntu-command-line-using-su-and-sudo/)
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- [get root access using sudo su](https://superuser.com/questions/408990/how-do-i-log-out-of-sudo-su)
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- [what is a tty](https://www.howtogeek.com/428174/what-is-a-tty-on-linux-and-how-to-use-the-tty-command/)
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- [really handling process](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/47489128/handling-signals-sigstp-sigcont-sigint-with-child-process)
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- [signal in a child process](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/55190460/using-signals-in-a-child-process)
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- [send signal to process and childs](https://linuxconfig.org/how-to-propagate-a-signal-to-child-processes-from-a-bash-script)
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- commande utile pour tester les process parents et enfants : while true ; do ps -o pid,pgid,cmd -C bash ; sleep 0.1 ; echo "\n" ; done
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- [exit code status](https://tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/exitcodes.html)
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- [`char **s` vs `char *s[]`](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/46830654/what-is-the-difference-between-extern-char-environ-and-extern-char-environ)
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- [extern and global](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2652545/extern-and-global-in-c)
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- [on which stream deos bash redirect its prompt](https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/20826/which-stream-does-bash-write-its-prompt-to)
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- [fd redirections &](https://putaindecode.io/articles/maitriser-les-redirections-shell)
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- [fd redirections &-](https://wiki.bash-hackers.org/howto/redirection_tutorial)
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- [redirect prompt output](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2559076/how-do-i-redirect-output-to-a-variable-in-shell)
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- [read, pipes, process substitution](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/15184358/how-to-avoid-bash-command-substitution-to-remove-the-newline-character)
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- [process substitution](https://www.linuxjournal.com/content/shell-process-redirection)
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- [read, IFS](https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/164508/why-do-newline-characters-get-lost-when-using-command-substitution)
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- [process substitution](https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bash.html#Process-Substitution)
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- [send one command to two pipes](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/13107783/pipe-output-to-two-different-commands)
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- [send two commands to one pipe](https://askubuntu.com/questions/133386/how-to-merge-and-pipe-results-from-two-different-commands-to-single-command)
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- ["\[" vs "\[\[" in bash](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/13542832/difference-between-single-and-double-square-brackets-in-bash)
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- [redirections in bash](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/818255/in-the-shell-what-does-21-mean)
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- [bash variable of variable](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10757380/bash-variable-variables)
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```text
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| BASH | MINISHELL |
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-----------------------------------
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| print | action | print | action |
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---------------|-----------------|----------------|----------------|
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| SIGINT / ctrl-C | ^C | \n | ^C | exit |
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prompt> |-----------------|----------------|----------------|
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| EOF / ctrl-D | exit | exit | Ø | \n |
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---------------|-----------------|----------------|----------------|
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| SIGINT / ctrl-C | bla^C | \n | bla^C | exit |
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prompt> blabla |-----------------|----------------|----------------|
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| EOF / ctrl-D | Ø | Ø | Ø | Ø |
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---------------|-----------------|----------------|----------------|
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-> change signal handler for SIGINT, to print a \n instead of exit
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-> change when readline receive an EOF and line is empty, to print exit and exit
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-> when readline receive an EOF and line is empty, it return NULL
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-> if line isn't empty it does nothing
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```
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## sommaire :
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---
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- [1. todo list :](#markdown-header-1-todo-list)
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@@ -241,9 +20,9 @@ prompt> blabla |-----------------|----------------|----------------|
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- **global features :**
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- `prompt` *show a prompt*
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- `history` **? the command history ?**
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- `history` *use history with arrows*
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- `binaries` *fetch and launch the right executable*
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- `'` `"` `;` `\` **? don't interpret special characters and unclosed quotes ?**
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- `'` `"` `;` `\` *don't interpret special characters and unclosed quotes*
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- **pipes :** [video vulgarisation](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bKzonnwoR2I)
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- `|` *pipes*
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- **expensions :**
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@@ -276,8 +55,8 @@ prompt> blabla |-----------------|----------------|----------------|
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- `termcap` [man](https://www.gnu.org/software/termutils/manual/termcap-1.3/html_chapter/termcap_toc.html)
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- `readline` [man](https://tiswww.case.edu/php/chet/readline/rltop.html) / [second source](https://tiswww.case.edu/php/chet/readline/README)
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*[\go to sommaire](#markdown-header-sommaire)*
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*[\go to sommaire](#markdown-header-sommaire)*
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## 2. external functions :
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---
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(extracts of manuals)
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@@ -349,9 +128,8 @@ There are three functions to use to get the value of a capability :
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- **tcgetattr** : `int tcgetattr(int fildes, struct termios *termptr);` Gets a termios structure, which contains control information for a terminal associated with fildes. It stores that information in a memory location that termptr points to. The contents of a termios structure are described in tcsetattr()
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*[\go to sommaire](#markdown-header-sommaire)*
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## 3. parsing :
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*[\go to sommaire](#markdown-header-sommaire)*
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---
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### 3.1 methode arbre binaire :
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@@ -781,3 +559,30 @@ Normal si le comportement attendu n'est pas correct (en l'absence de PATH et tou
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*[\go to sommaire](#markdown-header-sommaire)*
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## ressources :
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- [send EOF to process](https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/493578/how-to-send-d-eot-character-to-stdin-of-a-shell-process)
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- [get root access 1](https://vitux.com/how-to-become-root-user-in-ubuntu-command-line-using-su-and-sudo/)
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- [get root access using sudo su](https://superuser.com/questions/408990/how-do-i-log-out-of-sudo-su)
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- [what is a tty](https://www.howtogeek.com/428174/what-is-a-tty-on-linux-and-how-to-use-the-tty-command/)
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- [signal in a child process](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/55190460/using-signals-in-a-child-process)
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- [send signal to process and childs](https://linuxconfig.org/how-to-propagate-a-signal-to-child-processes-from-a-bash-script)
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- commande utile pour tester les process parents et enfants : while true ; do ps -o pid,pgid,cmd -C bash ; sleep 0.1 ; echo "\n" ; done
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- [exit code status](https://tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/exitcodes.html)
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- [`char **s` vs `char *s[]`](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/46830654/what-is-the-difference-between-extern-char-environ-and-extern-char-environ)
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- [extern and global](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2652545/extern-and-global-in-c)
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### for bash script :
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- [on which stream deos bash redirect its prompt](https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/20826/which-stream-does-bash-write-its-prompt-to)
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- [fd redirections &](https://putaindecode.io/articles/maitriser-les-redirections-shell)
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- [fd redirections &-](https://wiki.bash-hackers.org/howto/redirection_tutorial)
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- [redirect prompt output](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2559076/how-do-i-redirect-output-to-a-variable-in-shell)
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- [read, pipes, process substitution](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/15184358/how-to-avoid-bash-command-substitution-to-remove-the-newline-character)
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- [process substitution](https://www.linuxjournal.com/content/shell-process-redirection)
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- [read, IFS](https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/164508/why-do-newline-characters-get-lost-when-using-command-substitution)
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- [process substitution](https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bash.html#Process-Substitution)
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- [send one command to two pipes](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/13107783/pipe-output-to-two-different-commands)
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- [send two commands to one pipe](https://askubuntu.com/questions/133386/how-to-merge-and-pipe-results-from-two-different-commands-to-single-command)
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- ["\[" vs "\[\[" in bash](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/13542832/difference-between-single-and-double-square-brackets-in-bash)
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- [redirections in bash](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/818255/in-the-shell-what-does-21-mean)
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- [bash variable of variable](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10757380/bash-variable-variables)
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- [PS1 variable contain prompt](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/utilities/V3_chap02.html#tag_18_05_03)
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- [force readline return without pressing ctrl-c](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/53165704/readline-c-force-return-of-certain-text-in-readline)
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