ajout explications

Makefile

@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
+# - - - - - - - - - #
+#  variables names  #
+# - - - - - - - - - #
 
-# - - - - - - - - -
+# each variable will expand in its value when used
-#  variables names
-# - - - - - - - - -
 
 NAME = libft.a
+DEP = libft.h
 CC = gcc
 CFLAGS = -Wall -Wextra -Werror -I. -c
 SRCS =  ft_atoi.c \
@@ -75,59 +77,67 @@ SRCS =  ft_atoi.c \
         ft_arraymap.c \
         ft_putnbrbase.c \
         ft_strmultisplit.c
+
+ODIR = ./builds
+
+# - "addprefix" is a built-in expansion function used by
+# makefile to perform a transformation on file names, in
+# this case we want to put all the .o files in a
+# subdirectory named "build"
+# - $(SRCS:.c=.o) is a "substitute reference", an
+# abbreviation for the expansion function "patsubst" :
+# $(patsubst %.c,%.o,$(SRCS))
 OBJ = $(addprefix $(ODIR)/, $(SRCS:.c=.o))
 
-# - - - - - - - - - -
-#  rules to execute
-# - - - - - - - - - -
 
-# when you write "make" in command line it will execute the
+# - - - - - - - - - - - #
-# first rule wrote in the Makefile, wich is ALL by convention
+#   rules to execute    #
-# because usually when you type "make" you expect it to build all
+# - - - - - - - - - - - #
-# it first verify if ODIR is created and if not create it
+
-# then it calls NAME to create the library
+# - when you write "make" in command line it will execute
+# the first rule wrote in the Makefile, wich is "all" by
+# convention because usually when you type "make" you
+# expect it to build all
+# - it first verify if ODIR is created and if not create
+# it, then it calls NAME to create the library
 all: $(ODIR) $(NAME)
 
-# ODIR create the folder where all the .o files will be stored
+# create the folder where all the .o files will be stored
 $(ODIR):
 	mkdir -p $(ODIR)
 
-# NAME will create the library libft.a
+# - NAME will create the library libft.a
-# first it checks if any OBJ (files.o) have more recent
+# - first it checks if any OBJ (files.o) have more recent
 # date of modification than NAME (libft.a), and for each
 # it will execute 
-
+# - $(OBJ) will expand in the list of files.o and each of
-# first it checks if the date of modification of any .o (OBJ)
+# them will call the rule "$(ODIR)/%.o:" below because it
-# is more recent thant the one of libft.a (NAME)
+# has its exact pattern
-# and for each of them it will execute
+# - NAME will execute only for the .c that has been
-# if only one .c has been modified then only one .o will have been too
+# modified since last creation of NAME
-# so NAME will execute only for this one
+# - ranlib is precedeed by a "@" to avoid being print
-# ranlib doesn't need to be seen so it's precedeed by a "@"
+$(NAME): $(OBJ) $(DEP)
-$(NAME): $(OBJ)
 	ar -rc $@ $<
 	@ranlib $@
+
+# - this rule depend of the list of files.c and file.h
+# - if any of these files are more recent than the file
+# builds/file.o equivalent then the rule will rebuild
+# this .o file
 $(ODIR)/%.o: %.c
-	$(COMPILE.c) -o $@ $<
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $<
+
 clean:
 	/bin/rm -rf $(ODIR)
+
 fclean: clean
 	/bin/rm -f $(NAME)
+
 re: fclean all
+
 .PHONY: clean
 
 
-all: $(NAME)
-$(NAME): $(OBJ)
-	ar rc $(NAME) $(OBJ)
-	@ranlib $(NAME)
-clean:
-	/bin/rm -f $(OBJ)
-fclean: clean
-	/bin/rm -f $(NAME)
-re: fclean all
-.PHONY: clean fclean all re
-
-
 
 
 
@@ -446,20 +456,9 @@ re: fclean all
 # makefile basique
 # - - - - - - - - -
 
-# - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
-# ne pas tout recompiler a la moindre modification
-# - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
-
-# - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
-# mettre les fichiers .o dans un dossier
-# - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
-
-# - - - - - - - - - - - -
-# make un autre makefile
-# - - - - - - - - - - - -
-
 # exemple d'un makefilede basic
 #
+#	#							|DECLARATION VARIABLES
 #	# NAME = libtest.h
 #	# CC = gcc
 #	# CFLAGS = -I. -c
@@ -476,6 +475,19 @@ re: fclean all
 # par exemple pour construire des .o a partir de .c
 # qui sont utilisees par défaut si les variables
 # sont bien nomee (genre CC ou CFLAGS)
+
+# - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+# ne pas tout recompiler a la moindre modification
+# - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+
+# - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+# mettre les fichiers .o dans un dossier
+# - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+
+# - - - - - - - - - - - -
+# make un autre makefile
+# - - - - - - - - - - - -
+
 #
 # cependant si on veut mettre les fichiers .o dans un
 # sous-fichier BUILDS il n'y a pas de built-in pattern
@@ -507,3 +519,16 @@ re: fclean all
 # $<  = "la premiere valeur a droite de :"
 # $^  = "toutes les valeurs a droite de :"
 #
+
+
+
+# shape of a rule :
+#
+# target: prerequisites
+#		recipe
+#
+# before executing its recipes, makefile verify if any of
+# the prerequisites has been more recently modify than
+# the target, and if so execute the recipes
+
+

main.c

@@ -1,24 +0,0 @@
-/* ************************************************************************** */
-/*                                                                            */
-/*                                                        :::      ::::::::   */
-/*   main.c                                             :+:      :+:    :+:   */
-/*                                                    +:+ +:+         +:+     */
-/*   By: hulamy <marvin@42.fr>                      +#+  +:+       +#+        */
-/*                                                +#+#+#+#+#+   +#+           */
-/*   Created: 2019/11/08 13:33:32 by hulamy            #+#    #+#             */
-/*   Updated: 2019/11/08 13:33:45 by hulamy           ###   ########.fr       */
-/*                                                                            */
-/* ************************************************************************** */
-
-
-/*void	ft_putchar(char c);
-
-int		transform(int a);
-*/
-int	main()
-{
-	int a = 't';
-	a = transform(a);
-	ft_putchar(a);
-	return (0);
-}

test/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+SRC = main.c putchar.c transform.c
+DEP = test.h
+OBJ = $(SRC:.c=.o)
+
+test: $(OBJ)
+	gcc -I. -o test $(OBJ)
+%.o: %.c $(DEP)
+	gcc -I. -c $<
+

test/main.c

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#include "test.h"
+
+int	main()
+{
+	int a = 't';
+	a = transform(a);
+	ft_putchar(a);
+	return (0);
+}

test/putchar.c

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#include <unistd.h>
+#include "test.h"
 
 void	ft_putchar(char c)
 {

test/test.h

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# ifndef TEST_H
+# define TEST_H
+
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+void	ft_putchar(char c);
+int		transform(int a);
+
+# endif

test/transform.c

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+#include "test.h"
+
 int		transform(int a)
 {
 	return(--a);